Archives

This study aims at investigating representation of gender in English Textbooks used at Secondary Level in Punjab. Content Analysis is chosen as method of data analysis. The data is collected and interpreted through quantitative and qualitative approaches. Categories of content analysis such as gender visibility, occupational roles, gender marked language, generic man, generic he, titles, firstness and gender attributes are set in the light of Framework of National Council of Teachers of English (2002) and Porecca’s Framework (1984) to analyze various aspects of gender representation in two English textbooks. The analysis of the textbooks has revealed that female characters are suffering from underrepresentation with respect to socially marked gender items and gender marked linguistic items.

Keywords: Gender, English text book, representation

The decision between remaining a stay-home mother or a working women is extremely convoluted for Pakistani mothers. There are the contentions in support and against the occupation of moms. The supporters of mothers’ job are of the feeling that working mothers assemble fearlessness, social cognizance and feeling of commitment, move viciously and parcel of monetary advantages. Subsequently, it is not mischievous for a mother to have a vocation yet it is more likely than not the cheering action for her children. The current study intends to investigate the effects of mothers’ work on the self- confidence of children. For this a sample of 175 students was randomly selected from different colleges of Rawalpindi. Data were collected personally by the researcher. Random sampling technique was used to collect data for the study. It was found that the trend of mothers’ employment is increasing day by day. The self- confidence level of the children of mothers staying at home and working do not have any significant difference. The findings of the study recommended that the self-confidence level of the children of non-working women can be increased by training workshops, seminars and by providing them the opportunities to share their vision about professional and personal life as well.

keywords: Self-confidence, children, working and non-working mothers

The present study was envisioned to explore the relationship between self-efficacy, academic motivation, and conscientiousness among purposively selected university and college undergraduates (N = 200). The Self-efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995), Academic Motivation Scale (Robert et al., 1993) and Conscientiousness Scale (Paul, Costa, Robert & McCare, 1985) were used to measure the study constructs. Pearson correlation showed significant positive relationship between self-efficacy, conscientiousness, and academic motivation, whereas multiple regression analysis confirmed the role of self-efficacy and conscientiousness as positive predictors of academic motivation among students. t-test analysis further revealed that female students have significantly higher academic motivation than male students. Study implications and limitations have also been discussed.

Keywords: Self-efficacy, academic motivation, conscientiousness.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common psychological disorder of childhood. This disorder has negative impact on the students’ learning. Teachers tackle and handle this problem in a variety of ways based on their knowledge and experience. Similarly I also had ADHD children in my class understudy. Teaching to ADHD children was a challenging job for me because they had extreme energy and restlessness in their behaviour and were unable to focus while learning something. This Action Research had been designed to solve this immediate problem with a major focus on the adjustment of their behaviour and improve academic learning outcomes. In order to achieve the objectives I used Williford’s strategy of “individualized teacher-child relationship (ITCR). This strategy provides important contexts for the promotion of children’s emotional health and learning. The data were collected through multiple means; class assessments, observational notes and weekly discussions with the subjects. It was found that individualized teacher-child relationship (ITCR) strategy is effective for teaching ADHD children and it has a positive impact on students’ behaviour and learning outcomes.

Keywords: Action research, ADHD, individualized teacher-child relationship (ITCR)

Purpose of the study was to identify expectations and satisfactions of students about higher education. The study was conducted at university of Sargodha, a public university in Punjab established at 2002. The researcher selected 11 departments through stratified random sampling from seven faculties of university of Sargodha. A questionnaire after extensive review of related literature was developed for data collection. The tool was tested for validity and reliability before administration to the respondents. The expectations and satisfaction of students about higher education were analyzed by collecting data about six major services at the higher education institution i.e. faculty, administrative and advisory services, campus climate, campus life, support services and career programs .Findings of the study showed that both male and female respondents had no difference of opinion about the services  at higher education institution. Overall students showed satisfaction with their experience at the university and especially about campus life. However majority of the students had more expectations and less satisfaction upon behavior of faculty, career programs and attitude of administrative staff working in the campus. 

Keywords: Students' expectations, students' satisfaction, higher education